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Arabic Script

Discover the captivating essence of Arabic script! It unveils the rich heritage and traditions of the Arab world, whether through intricate calligraphy, ancient inscriptions, or literary masterpieces. Immerse yourself in its beauty and significance to unlock the secrets of this enchanting civilization.

Below is the Al-abjadiyah letter chart used to write Modern Standard Arabic.

Here’s what you need to know before we start…

  • Some letters appear differently depending on where they appear in the word.
  • Arabic is written from right to left, so remember to read the words in reverse order from what you may be used to. I’ll try to help you with that.
  • The Arabic Script Chart Quiz is here.
Video courtesy of BrianWilesLanguages
Video Courtesy of AuralWriting
Video Courtesy of AuralWriting

Arabic Alphabet

Arabic Alphabet Chart
أ
a
ب
b
ت
t
ث
th
ج
j
ح
h
خ
kh
د
d
ذ
dh
ر
r
ز
z
س
s
ش
sh
ص
s
ض
d
ط
t
ظ
th
ع
'
غ
gh
ف
f
ق
q
ك
k
ل
l
م
m
ن
n
ه
h
و
w
ي
y

To learn the characters, we’ll begin by studying them in small groups. After that, we’ll quiz you on those characters. Finally, we’ll practice transliterating English words into Arabic script.

Set 1

Arabic Alphabet Chart
أ
a
ب
b
ت
t
ث
th
ج
j
ح
h
  • The “th” sound in ث is similar to the sound of the “th” sound in “thin” or “think“.
Arabic Letter Forms

Set 1 Letter Variations

Letter Initial Medial Final
ب (b) بـ ـبـ ـب
ت (t) تـ ـتـ ـت
ث (th) ثـ ـثـ ـث
ج (j) جـ ـجـ ـج
ح (h) حـ ـحـ ـح
خ (kh) خـ ـخـ ـخ

Some examples using simple English words:

Bat” – بَت

Bath” – بَث

Jab” – جَبْ

Tab” – تَبْ

Thin” –ثِين 

Examples using Arabic names:

أبتجان (Abtajan) أبتجان

A male name meaning “father of Tajan”.

بثجاة (Bathja) بثجاة

A female name meaning “wise” or “perceptive”.

ة is a suffix commonly used to make nouns and adjectives feminine.

Set 2

Arabic Alphabet Chart
س
s
ش
sh
ص
s
ض
d
ط
t
ظ
th
    The “s” sound in س is like a typical English “s,” whereas the sound of ص is more pushed back into the throat. Try this: make the “s” sound, then slightly close your throat with the back of your tongue, and you’ll get an idea of how it works.
Arabic Letter Forms - Extended

Set 2 Variations

Letter Initial Medial Final
س (s) سـ ـسـ ـس
ش (sh) شـ ـشـ ـش
ص (s) صـ ـصـ ـص
ض (d) ضـ ـضـ ـض
ط (t) طـ ـطـ ـط
ظ (th) ظـ ـظـ ـظ

Some examples using simple English words

Table“- طَاوِلَة

Sad” – سَد

Shed” – شِد

Dash” – دَش

Examples using Arabic names:

شادية (Shadia) شادية

A female name meaning “joy” or “happiness”.

ثابت (Thabit) ثابت

A male name meaning “firm” or “steadfast.”

Set 3

Arabic Alphabet Chart
ح
h
خ
kh
د
d
ذ
dh
ر
r
ز
z
Arabic Letter Forms - Additional Letters

Set 3 Variations
Letter Initial Medial Final
ح (h) حـ ـحـ ـح
خ (kh) خـ ـخـ ـخ
د (d) د ـد ـد
ذ (dh) ذ ـذ ـذ
ر (r) ر ـر ـر
ز (z) ز ـز ـز

Some examples using simple English words:

Human – حُمَن

Keep كيب

Dad داد   

This ذس

Run رن

Zero زيرو

Examples using Arabic names:

خديجة (Khadija) خديجة

A female name meaning “premature child”.

رزان (Razan) رزان

A female name meaning “sensible,” “composed,” or “serene”.

حذيفة (Hudhaifah) حذيفة

A male name meaning “little lion”.

خديم (Khadeem) خديم

A female name meaning “joy” or “happiness”.

Set 4

Arabic Script Chart
ع
'
غ
gh
ف
f
ق
q
ك
k
ل
l
Arabic Letter Forms - Additional Letters

Set 4 Variations

Letter Initial Medial Final
ع (') عـ ـعـ ـع
غ (gh) غـ ـغـ ـغ
ف (f) فـ ـفـ ـف
ق (q) قـ ـقـ ـق
ك (k) كـ ـكـ ـك
ل (l) لـ ـلـ ـل

Some examples using simple English words

Art – عرت

Gelجِل

Fallفول

Key – كي

Quickقويك      

Examples using Arabic names:

غفور (Ghafoor) غفور

A male name meaning “the All-Forgiving”.

قاسم (Qasim) قاسم

A male name meaning symbolizing generosity and fairness.

فاطمة (Fatimah) فاطمة

The name of the Prophet Muhammad’s daughter; signifies purity, honor, and devotion.

ليلى (Layla) ليلى

A female name meaning “joy” or “happiness”.

Set 5

م
m
ن
n
ه
h
و
w
ي
y
Arabic Letter Forms - Additional Letters

Set 5 Variations

Letter Initial Medial Final
م (m) مـ ـمـ ـم
ن (n) نـ ـنـ ـن
ه (h) هـ ـهـ ـه
و (w) و ـو ـو
ي (y) يـ ـيـ ـي

Some examples using simple English words

Name: نَايم

Home: هُوم

New: نِيو

Many: مَاني 

Examples using Arabic names:

محمد (Mohammed) محمد

A male name meaning symbolizing generosity and fairness.

نور (Nour) نور

A word meaning “light”.

هدى (Huda) هدى

A word meaning “guidance”.

يوسف (Youssef) يوسف

“Joseph” in Arabic.

Arabic Vowel Markers

In Arabic, people don’t always write the vowels like “a,” “e,” or “i” as separate letters. Instead, they use special marks called vowel markers to show how to say the words correctly.

Here are the vowel markers and what they mean. We will use the letter ب (b) to help illustrate.

بَ
Ba
The "a" sound like in "bat".
بِ
Bi
The "i" sound like in "sit".
بُ
Bu
The "u" sound like in "put".
بْ
B
No vowel sound, like "B" alone.
بّ
Bb
Double consonant, like "Bb".
بً
Ban
Adds the "an" sound.
بٍ
Bin
Adds the "in" sound.
بٌ
Bun
Adds the "un" sound.

Below are some common names written using Arabic letters to help you get familiar with the script.

Read these examples, along with the ones from the notes, until you begin to be able to recognize the letters within them.

Adam (آدم): آ-د-م

Ali (علي): ع-ل-ي

Allison (أليسون): أ-ل-ي-س-و-ن

Benjamin (بنجامين): ب-ن-ج-ا-م-ي-ن

Brian (برايان): ب-ر-ا-ي-ا-ن

Chelsea (تشلسي): ت-ش-ل-س-ي

Daniel (دانييل): د-ا-ن-ي-ي-ل

David (ديفيد): د-ا-ف-ي-د

Diaa (ضياء): ض-ي-ا-ء

Emily (إيميلي): إِ-مِي-لِي

Elizabeth (إليزابيث): إ-ل-ي-ز-ا-ب-ي-ث

Eva (إيفا): إ-ي-ف-ا

Fatima (فاطمة): ف-ا-ط-م-ة

Georgia (جورجيا): ج-و-ر-ج-ي-ا

Ghada (غادة): غ-ا-د-ة

Hannah (هانا): ه-ا-ن-ا

Henry (هنري): ه-ن-ر-ي

Isaac (إسحاق): إ-س-ح-ا-ق

Isabella (إيزابيلا): إ-ي-ز-ا-ب-ي-ل-ا

Jack (جاك): ج-ا-ك

Jackson (جاكسون): ا-ك-س-و-ن

James (جيمس): ج-ي-م-س

John (جون): ج-و-ن

Joseph (جوزيف): ج-و-ز-ي-ف

Kaitlyn (كايتلين): ك-ا-ي-ت-ل-ي-ن

Karim (كريم): ك-ر-ي-م

Khalid (خالد): خ-ا-ل-د

Lucas (لوكاس): ل-و-ك-ا-س

Maria (ماريا): م-ا-ر-ي-ا

Melissa (ميليسا): م-ي-ل-ي-س-ا

Michael (مايكل): م-ا-ي-ك-ل

Nathan (ناثان): ن-ا-ث-ا-ن

Nicholas (نيكولاس): ن-ي-ك-و-ل-ا-س

Olivia (أوليفيا): أ-و-ل-ي-ف-ي-ا

Rami (رامي): ر-ا-م-ي

Salah (صلاح): ص-لا-ح

Samia (سمية): س-م-ي-ة

Shadi (شادي): ش-ا-د-ي

Sophia (صوفيا): ص-و-ف-ي-ا

Thabit (ثابت): ث-ا-ب-ت

Zahra (زهرة): ز-ه-ر-ة

Qamar (قمر): ق-م-ر

Zafer (ظافر): ظ-ا-ف-ر

Tariq (طارق): ط-ا-ر-ق

Diaa (ضياء): ض-ي-ا-ء

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